一个研究项目或论文至少需要两个学期才能完成。在开始研究之前，即参加第一学期的研究课程，学生必须经过ResearchProposal写作阶段。在此期间，学生将制定他们的计划书，并由其研究顾问进行审查。这意味着学生在第一学期开始前需要数月的规划和背景研究工作，未经批准，学生不得参加研究课程。
对于计划在秋季学期开始研究的学生，提交ResearchProposal（给您的导师）的截止日期是7月。对于计划在春季学期开始的学生，截止日期是12月。在ResearchProposal阶段，学生应与CM教员讨论他们的研究兴趣，确定研究主题，进行初步文献审查并制定项目建议。ResearchProposal应讨论问题陈述，大约3-5页的目标、研究方法、研究活动和时间表。
本文为大家分享一篇ResearchProposal范文供大家参考。
AConceptualFrameworkforSchedulingConstraintManagement
（给你的项目提供一个简短而有意义的标题）
1.Introduction
Everyconstructionprojectisuniqueandhasitsownoperatingenvironmentandsetsoftechnicalrequirements.Asaresult,theexecutionofaconstructionprojectissubjecttonumerousconstraintsthatlimitthecommencementorprogressionoffieldoperations,whichinvariablyhavesignificantnegativeimpactonoverallprojectperformance.Bydefinition,constraintsrefertoanycondition,suchastemporal/spatiallimitationsandsafety/qualityconcerns,whichmaypreventaprojecttoachieveitsgoals.Successfulexecutionandcontrolofaconstructionprojectreliesoneffectiveidentificationandmanagementofconstraintsthroughmasterplanningandshort-termlook-aheadscheduling.Whilethemasterscheduleprovidesaglobalviewofaprojectandtheoverallexecutionstrategy,alook-aheadscheduleoffersadetailaccountofoperationalconstraintsandadetailedplanshowingworktobedonewithinarelativelyshorttimewindow.Ideally,thesedetailedschedulesshouldreflectactualfieldconditionsandprovidefieldpersonnelwithoperationinstructionsfreeofconstraintsandconflicts(Hinze2008).Thislook-aheadschedulingandconstraintanalysisprocedureisalsoacriticalcomponentofthelast-plannermethodologyproposedbyBallard(2000).Thisresearchprojectwillprovideanoverviewofstate-of-artscheduleconstraintanalysispracticeduringlook-aheadscheduling.Inaddition,itwillproposeaconceptualframeworkformanagingconstraints.
评价：背景或介绍部分描述了研究领域的基本事实和重要性您的研究领域是什么、研究的动机以及它对行业实践/知识进步的重要性如何？
2.ProblemStatement
Theimportanceofdevelopingaconstraint-freeandreliableworkplanhaslongbeenrecognizedbytheindustry.However,numerousconstructionprojectsarestillplaguedbydelaysandcostoverruns,whichcanfrequentlybetracedtoineffectiveidentificationandtreatmentofconstraints.First,whenaconstraintisnotproperlyidentifiedduringscheduling,subsequentconflictsinthefieldareinevitable.Todaysprojectsarebecomingmoreandmoretechnicallycomplexandlogisticallychallenging,whichexposesconstructionoperationstoevenmorecomplexconstraints.Second,thetraditionalschedulingmethods,barchartsandCriticalPathMethod(CPM)whicharewidelyusedasabasisforconstraintanalysis,greatlylimitourcapabilityinmodelingandresolvingconstraints.
duringlook-aheadscheduling.Thesemethodshavelongbeenblamedfortheirlimitationsinmodelingandcommunicatingconstraints,includinginabilitytocopewithnon-time-relatedprecedenceconstraintsanddifficultytoevaluateandcommunicateinter-dependenciesatthefieldoperationlevel(e.g.SriprasertandDawood2002;Chuaand
Shen2001).Insummary,thereisaneedforabetterunderstandingofconstraintsinconstructionandastructuredapproachinidentifyingandmodelingconstraintstoensureaconstraint-freeworkplan.Morespecifically,thefollowingresearchquestionsneedtobeaddressed:
（1）Whatarethetypicalconstraintsfoundinvariousconstructionprojects?
（2）Howtoclassifytheseconstrainsforeasieridentificationandmodeling?
（3）Whatarethecurrentindustrypracticeaswellasresearchadvancementsinmodelingandresolvingconstraints?Howtounifytheconstraintclassificationknowledgeandvariousconstraintmodelingeffortsintoaframeworkfortotalconstraintmanagement?
评价：问题陈述提供了对需要解决的问题的清晰简洁的描述您将解决的该研究领域的具体问题是什么（例如，对某个主题缺乏理解，表现不佳）？
3.Objectives
Thelongtermgoaloftheresearchistodevelopaformalizedconstraintmanagementsystem.Constraintmanagementisdefinedhereinastheprocessofidentifying,classifying,modeling,andresolvingconstraints.Theobjectiveofthecurrentstudyistoprovideacomprehensivereviewofliteraturesandindustrypracticesinrelationtoconstraintanalysisandoutlineaconceptualframeworkforconstraintmanagement.Particularly,thestudyhasthefollowingsub-objectives:1.Toprovideacomprehensivereviewofsourcesandcharacteristicsofconstraintstypicallyfoundinconstructionprojects;2.Todevelopaconstraintclassificationmethodforeasierconstraintidentificationandmodeling;3.Toreviewcurrentindustrypracticesandresearchesinregardstoconstraintmodeling;4.Tooutlineaconceptualframeworkfortotalconstraintmanagement.Theresultofthisstudywillbevaluabletotheindustrypractitionersaswellasrelatedsoftwareprovidersindevelopingbetterpracticeandtoolsforconstraintmanagementandlook-aheadscheduling.
评价：目标提供了将通过拟议研究实现的目标列表有哪些好处/影响（例如更好的理解，提高生产力），研究问题是否得到解答？
4.PreliminaryLiteratureReview
Apreliminaryliteraturereviewshowsthatpaststudiesareprimarilyfocusedonunderstandingandmodelingaparticulartypeofconstraint,suchastechnological,contractual,resource,spatial,andinformationconstraints.Limitedprogresshasbeenmadeonclassifyingvariousconstraintsaccordingtotheircharacteristicsinacomprehensivemanner.Intermsofmodelingandresolvingconstraints,variousapproacheshavebeenrecommended.Forexample,manyCPM-basedmethodsareappliedtodealwithtime-relatedconstraints;knowledge-basedsystemswereusedtoautomateworkplangeneration;network-basedoptimizationalgorithmsweredevelopedtoresolveconstraints;anddatabasesandvisualizationtechniques,suchas3D,4D,andVirtualReality(VR),areusedtocommunicateandvisualizeconstraints.Whatismissingfromthepaststudiesisacomprehensiveandstructuredapproachinmanagingconstraintsinconstructionprojects.
评价：初步文献综述：提供先前相关文献的总结对研究问题及其优势和劣势的研究以及您研究的理由其他人知道/做过什么？而且，为什么你的研究仍然是必要的？
5.Methodology
Theprimaryresearchmethodforthisstudyisliteraturereviewandconceptualmodeling.Constraintidentificationandclassificationthroughastructuredapproachistheveryfirststeptowardazero-constraintenvironment.Thisstudywillfirstreviewvarioustypesofconstraintsinconstructionandtheircharacteristics.Basedonthisunderstanding,aclassificationmethodwillbedevelopedtocategorizeconstraintfactorsforthepurposeofconstraintidentificationandmodeling.Inthesecondstageofthisstudy,existingconstraintmodelingmethodswillbeidentifiedbasedonacomprehensivereviewofcurrentindustrypracticesandacademicresearches.Finally,oncetheconstraintclassificationandmodelingtechniquesareidentified,aconceptualframeworkfortotalconstraintmanagementwillbeoutlined.ThisstudywillbeconductedbetweenSeptember2010andMay2011.
评价：研究方法定义了研究方法和逻辑步骤做什么以及如何解决问题并实现建议目标？将使用哪些研究方法（例如调查、建模、案例研究？如有必要，附上项目进度表）
References
Ballard,G.(2000).Lastplannersystemofproductioncontrol.Ph.D.Dissertation.Univ.ofBirmingham,Birmingham,UK.Chua,D.andShen,L.J.(2001).Constraintmodelingandbuffermanagementwithintegratedproductionscheduler.ProceedingsofInternationalConferencesonLeanConstruction2001,Singapore.Hinze,J.W.(2008).Constructionplanningandscheduling,3rded.Pearson,NJ.Sriprasert,E.andDawood,N(2002).Requirementsidentificationfor4Dconstraint-basedconstructionplanningandcontrolsystem.ProceedingsofCIBW78conferencedistributingknowledgeinbuilding,Aarhus,Danmark.
评价：所有非原创的事实材料必须附有对其来源的引用。请使用ASCE关于参考和引用风格的指南。
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