无论是入门课程,实习课程还是高级研讨会,grouppresentations都是每个人大学经验的一部分,Presentation是小伙伴们比较常见的assignment了,但它依然可能会引起留学生们非常焦虑的情绪。很多同学们在出国之前并没有多少机会进行grouppresentation或者英文grouppresentation,因此到了英国以后,面对看起来复杂的presentation有点束手无策,尤其是grouppresentation可是比individualpresentation多了更多不同的要求和挑战,需要所有的小组成员全力配合,保持密切的沟通还有交流。但是很多同学们并不能碰见那么愿意配合的成员,毕竟和尚挑水的故事同学们也都听说过,如果你选的课程里有grouppresentation时,请不要惊慌,而应该抓住机会学习和展示您的能力。阅读以了解如何做才能使下一个grouppresentations令人难忘。
所以今天小编就来给大家讲讲两个例子,让大家更清楚的了解GroupPresentation怎么做。
A:Indianonlineeducationmarketentry印度在线教育市场进入
1)确保组内成员都了解总的观点
grouppresentation中最明显的一个问题在于,每个成员清楚自己需要做的工作,但是却没有人知道总的目标。花点时间讨论各自的工作成果,你们的发现和结论,并确保对大家都对项目有一个统一和完整的观点。比如,在这个课题中,有的成员需要负责分析印度onlineeducationmarket的现状,有的成员需要负责分析entry的risk和opportunity等等。
若大家只去了解自己负责的部分,而完全不管其他部分以及总的marketentry问题的话,这就会是一个危险的尝试。因为如果在QA阶段,考官向你问到其他人负责的问题是,你只能一头雾水了。
2)准备材料前
你需要在最初的60秒钟内让你的观众感兴趣。所以小组需要花时间想一个引人入胜的开场白,让观众感兴趣。比如,可以讲一讲印度经济发展的迅猛势头,由此带到它的onlineeducationmarket这一块。
在开始写你的部分时,你需要规划一下自己需要的信息。
有哪些keypoints;必要的supportingpoints;实例;以及你的keyfindings。
在这个课题中,如果你是负责分析risks的部分,那么你需要的keypoints可以从PESTEL着手,找到political,environmental,social,technological,economic以及legalrisks。
presentation的目的不是要表明你知道多少,而是简明扼要地传达你的keypoints、insights和conclusion。
3)构建你的presentation
记住,就算是涉及数百万美元资金的商业计划都只需要十多页或更少的幻灯片。你的ppt越简洁越好确保每页幻灯片都十分重要。
理想情况下,让一个人负责你们组的ppt这样整个ppt才更和谐规范。每页一个要点是最好的安排。
在不同speaker上台时一定要过渡,teamleader最好在presentation开始之前介绍每一位成员。
4)上台前
边说话边微笑。你的笑容很有感染力!目光接触非常重要。或者至少随机移动你的目光到房间每一个略高于头部的点上。声音洪亮。许多学生紧张后声音就变得很小,听众不得不努力去听。
5)Presentation中
稿子:如果你有准备稿子,千万不要照着读,偶尔看一眼就好了。最好准备一个小卡片就够了,上面写一点点提示词。
姿势:不要双臂交叉的站着,也不要把手放在口袋里。选择一个基本姿势,偶尔做一些简单自然的手势。
6)QA环节
许多小伙伴最害怕的就是提问环节了,所以大家可以自己提前模拟一下这个环节,找一个人当做考官,让他随机问几个问题模拟回答一下。
在这个例子中,可以问问marketentry带来的risks能如何解决啊,这些数据是从何处找到的,你的这个数据是xx国的,如果证明它能运用的印度上之类的。
如果在考试时,你不理解考官提出的问题,可以让他再仔细阐述一次。
如果你不知道答案的话,不要自己乱说一气,可以回答考官:
Imnotcertain,butthatisanimportantquestionthatIwouldlovetolookintoforyou.
B.哈佛大学学者HowtoGiveaGreatGroupPresentation
1)DistributetheWorkEvenly平均分配工作
ThefirststeptoplanninganA-worthypresentationistomakesureeveryonecarriestheirownweight,thoughthisiseasiersaidthandone.Thisstepwillsetyourpresentationupforsuccessbutcanbechallengingtopulloff.Itislikelythatatleastsomeofthepeopleinyourgroupwillhaveunmatchedacademicabilitiesandworkethics,butthisproblemcanbeovercome.
Outlinetheworkthatneedstobedoneforthewholeprojectanddivvyuprolesbasedonwhatpeoplearecomfortabledoing.Maketheexpectationsofeachpersonclearsothatthereisaccountabilityfromstarttofinishifsomethinggetssloppilyfinishedorisleftentirelyundone,theissuecanbetracedbacktowhatevergroupmemberisresponsibleandhandledaccordingly.Ifnecessary,discussproblemswiththeprofessor.Don’tletoneperson’slazinesssabotageyourentiregroup’swork.
2)ScheduleDeadlinesandRehearsalsinAdvance提前安排截止日期和彩排
Asacollegestudent,itcanbeincrediblydifficulttomanageyourowntimeletalonesynchronizetheschedulesofseveraldifferentgroupmembers.Planningtogettogetherasfarinadvanceaspossiblemakesitlesslikelythatothercommitmentsareprioritizedoverimportantgroupplanningtime.
Atyourfirstgroupmeeting,setatimelineforwhenthingsneedtobedone.Schedulemeetings,deadlines,andrehearsalsasfarintothefutureastheassignmentallows.Neverplantocramatanall-nightstressfestthenightbeforetiredandover-extendedgroupmemberswillhaveahardtimeexecutingeventhemostwell-plannedpresentation.
3)PresentTogether一起呈现
Justasyoushouldusethestrengthsandweaknessesofgroupmemberstoassignplanningrolesbeforethepresentation,youshouldconsidertheabilitiesofeverygroupmemberwhendecidinghowthepresentationitselfshouldactuallybedelivered.Cohesioniscrucialtoagreatpresentation.Peoplewillnoticeifoneormoregroupmembersdonotspeakorthepresentationgetsoff-topiceachtimeanewpersontakesover,andweakdeliverydoesnotbodewellforyourgrade.
Whenyouareplanninghowyouwillpresent,askyourselfandyourgroupmembersthefollowingquestions:
Whatisthebestwaytodeliverthismaterial?
Whatpresentingstrengthsdoeseachgroupmemberhave?
Whatgoalsmustbemetduringthepresentation?
Howwillwedivideandconquerscriptingthepresentation?
Whatwillwedoifthepresentationgetsoff-topicoramemberforgetstheirpart?
4)PrepareforEmergencies为紧急情况做准备
Hopefully,youhaveputthetimeintocreatinganoutstandingpresentation,sodon’tletsmallhiccupsderailit.Makesurethatyouknoweachother’sresponsibilitieswellenoughtotakeoverforthemintimesofcrisis.
Youneverknowwhensomeonewillgetunexpectedlysick,faceafamilyemergency,orbeotherwiseunabletoshowupforapresentation.Haveasysteminplacewhereonegroupmembercanserveasanunderstudyforanothergroupmembersothatyourpresentationdoesnotcrashandburnifsomeoneisnotthere.Makethemostofyourpreparationsbyplanningforanyscenarioandremembertoworkasateamwhenthingsgowrong.
5)Rehearse排练
Foracrisppresentationthatleavesastrongimpressiononyourprofessorandclassmates,youneedtorehearse.Atleastonerun-throughfrombeginningtoendcansmoothoutanywrinkles,helpnervousmembersovercometheirfear,andensurethatyouhaven’tleftanythingout.
Gothroughyourpartsasplannedandoffereachotherconstructivefeedbackimmediatelyafter.Thismaybeuncomfortable,buthelpfulpeerfeedbackcanpreventnegativefeedbackandbadgradesfromprofessors.Framecommentstomemberspositivelywitha”glowandagrow”:onethingtheydidreallywellandoneareaforimprovement.
Youshouldalsodiscussadresscoderightbeforeyourehearsesothatallgroupmembersdontheappropriateattirefortheoccasion.Lendeachotherclothestohelpeachotheroutifneeded.
6)StayPresentDuringthePresentation在演示过程中保持状态
Aslongasyourgroupisuptherepresenting,youneedtobegivingthepresentationyourall.Thismeansthat,evenifyourpartisover,youshouldremainalert,engaged,andundistracted.Thiswillmakeyourpresentationlookandsoundbetterwhilealsoenablingseamlessemergencytransitions.Ifyoupayattentiontoyourwholepresentation,youwillbemuchbetterpreparedtostepinforsomeonethatneedsrescuingalso,oddsarethateveryoneelse(professorincluded)willbemorelikelytopayattentioniftheyseeyoupayingattention.
7)Celebrate庆祝
Grouppresentationscanbeveryeffortfulandtime-consuming,sothecelebrationisdefinitelyinorderonceit’sover.Rewardyourselfasateamforajobwelldonetobondafterthepotentiallytraumatizingexperienceyouhaveshared.